Class Location And Mobility Of The Hart Family - 1616 Words

Class Location and Mobility of the Hart Family My father, Ken Hart, was the youngest child in a family of five. His parents, Chuck and Sally Hart, had two children prior to him. The younger of the two was his brother, John, and the oldest was his sister, Donna. He grew up in Glendora, California in a middle class neighborhood where both of his parents worked at the local college. While the last three generations of Harts - my great grandfather, grandfather, and father - have belonged to the middle class, their individual socioeconomic statuses have varied due to many different social and economic influences. These influences included the college wage premium they received from their schooling, the increase in mobility they gained from their education, the varying structure of the economy when they were in the work force, and the life chances they had access to. Through the generations, the varying amounts of education, occupancies, and income greatly influenced their socioeconomic st atus. My great grandfather’s class location was in the lower middle class. He did not go to college, instead choosing to work at a gas station after high school. Through years of hard work, he was able to move his way up the chain of command until he had enough money and experience to buy the establishment and run it as his own. Even though he owned his own business, my great grandfather’s lack of education and low income were not enough to help him move higher in class. TheyShow MoreRelatedThe Link Between Health, Social Divisions, Economic Inequality, Physical Environments And Individual Psychological Factors1976 Words   |  8 Pagescauses these disparities, Bartley and Blane have suggested four models to explain social inequalities in health (Bartley and Blane, 2008; Bartley 2004). The first model considers the effect of behaviour on health and suggests that there are social class differences in health behaviours and lifestyles such as drinking, smoking, drug use, diet and active leisure, use of immunisation, contraception and antenatal services. However, it has been argued that access and opportunity are inevitably linked toRead MoreHealth And How An Individual Or Groups Health Can Be Affected By Various Socio Economic And Psychological Factors1960 Words   |  8 Pagescauses these disparities, Bartley and Blane have suggested four models to explain social inequalities in health (Bartley and Blane, 2008; Bartley 2004). The first model considers the effect of behaviour on health and suggests that there are social class differences in health behaviours and lifestyles such as drinking, smoking, drug use, diet and active leisure, use of immunisation, contraception and antenatal services. However, it has been argued that access and opportunity are inevitably linked toRead MoreIndian Caste System5772 Words   |  24 Pagesstrong evidence to support his conclusion. In the Vedic period, there was no prohibition against anyone, including the Shudr as, listening to the Vedas or participating in any religious rite.[16] In Early Evidence for Caste in South India, George L. Hart stated that the earliest Tamil texts show the existence of what seems definitely to be caste, but which antedates the Brahmins and the Hindu orthodoxy. He believes that the origins of the caste system can be seen in the belief system that developedRead MoreCauses of Loitering Problems10544 Words   |  43 Pagesteenagers studied have abandoned typical public spaces used for leisure time and produced their own spatial identities in the specifi c space of the shopping mall. They have created a true microculture through a combination of the personalities, locations, and events that they share in in the mall environment. The article also discusses interesting results concerning preference factors for leisure time activities in the mall environment. The concluding part of the article draws implications from theRead MoreMarketing Literature Review11908 Words   |  48 Pages Statistical analysis, Implications.] 4 The Impact of Affect on Memory of Advertising. Tim Ambler and Tom Burne, Journal of Advertising Research, 39 (March/April 1999), pp. 25–34. [Literature review, Model testing, Hypotheses, Experiment, Brain locations, Recognition and recall, Propranolol, Placebos, Assessment, Managerial implications.] 5 A Multivariate Analysis of Web Usage. Pradeep K. Korgaonkar and Lori D. Wolin, Journal of Advertising Research, 39 (March/April 1999), pp. 53–68. 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In 1800s the New York City Civil Service in USA introducedRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesconflict: In their greed to make a profit, a marketer convinces those who may be dying from an incurable disease to buy a product that may not be a cure, but which a desperately ill person (or members of his or her family) may choose to purchase in an effort to save the dying family member suffering. Promoting and marketing such products violates rules of marketing ethics. Ethical dilemmas facing marketing professionals today fall into one of three categories: tobacco and alcohol promoting, consumerRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagesin gaining both shelf facings and cooperation in implementing marketing programs Finally, brand equity assets provide a competitive advantage that often presents a real barrier to competitors. 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Essay Ritual Pollution and Homicide Cases - 1818 Words

Religion and superstition played a large part in the everyday life of a classical Athenian, and there was a heavy emphasis on ritual and reverence to the gods. Athenians believed that certain crimes – e.g. homicide – disrupted the sanctity of their city, causing an imbalance they referred to as â€Å"pollution.† Restoring balance was of the utmost importance. Otherwise, they believed that the gods would punish them with losses in battle, bad crops, and an overall miserable existence. Rituals played a very important role in ancient Greek society. Certain cities, sites, and temples were sacred. The tradition of naming certain spiritual places areas of asylum was Asylia. These asylums were â€Å"immune to violence and civil authority† and thus†¦show more content†¦The miasma was problematic for Greeks because of its supposed negative impact on people and places that were innocent of any wrongdoings. Thus, it was extremely important to remove the polluted elements through sacred rituals (Von Rà ¶sch 2012). Historical texts stressed the severe impact of certain crimes on Greek society. For example, murdering one’s parents or abusing one’s children was especially heinous to the Greeks. The Erinyes (also known as the furies in Roman mythology) were a set of beastly-looking mythical figures that haunted those who had committed homicidal acts against their own family. They continued to harass and bring ill favor to those who committed these crimes, until they felt the restoration of justice – which sometimes involved the offender’s death. The most famous case of the Erinyes in Greek literature concerns the tale of Orestes, whose story features prominently in the works of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. In Aeschylus’ Eumenides, the Erinyes act as the prosecutor against Orestes after charging him with killing his mother, Clytemnestra. Orestes claims the matricide was justified, as Clytemnestra killed Orestes’ father, Agamemnon. This is an i mportant story concerning homicide and ritual pollution, because Orestes insists on seeking a fair and proper resolution by appealing first toShow MoreRelatedThroughout history religion has played an important role influencing various societies. Religious1800 Words   |  8 Pagesseparation between church and state. The religious beliefs of Athenians directly affected the aspects of the legal system. Many Athenian laws stem from religious facets. Laws prevented individuals from disrespecting or defiling the deities. In the case of the defense of a farmer, the law charged the defendant with â€Å"destruction of a sacred olive tree† The olive tree represents the Goddess Athena and destruction of this tree is seen as sacrilegious. 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Igbozurike copied out each re-transcribed form or example on to a slip of paper. At the beginning of each group of slips, he wrote the root on a 3 x 5 cards, which thus served as a head-word for the group. He then arranged the head-words

Outsider Ethics and Marginalized Aesthetics †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Outsider Ethics and Marginalized Aesthetics. Answer: Introduction: Environmental ethics like other ethical studies, is a segment of philosophy which studies moral connection of the human beings to the natural environment surrounding them as also value the moral status of the non-human and non-living components. The chief factor of environmental ethics bases on the concept that other living beings are the part of the nature just as the human beings. All the plant species and animals other than the human beings are part of the earths environment hence it cannot be denied that they have rights also. The food web indicates how close the human beings are dependent upon the other factors of the nature. This is the reason why the guiding principles and ethical values include all these matters living in the environment. By destroying the partakers of the natural environment, the human beings are denying their right to live. Hence this act of human is unethical and unjust. Respecting the natural resources and non-human entities and recognition of their right to live is the primary focus of environmental ethics. Issues in natural resources mainly revolves round the problem related to the environment not because of the natural reason but for the human actions. The excessive consumption of natural resources, constant deforestation, fast increasing pollution in land, air and water and harming animals are the most consulted issues of environmental ethics (Thompson 2017). These issues are the threat not only to the non-human components of nature but affecting the lives of the human beings directly. Consumption of natural resources the natural environment has become the storehouse of resources from where the human beings are constantly robbing according to their needs. It is reserve of natural resources which are vita for serving the ecology of the environment. The unscrupulous depletion pf these resources is detrimental for the existence of life on earth. The constant exploitation of the natural resources has no limit but there is no way to replenish the within a short period. This method of replenishment is out of expertise of the human being but the undue usage of resources is fast increasing and living it to be an important issue of environmental ethics. Deforestation is another vital issue which has attracted attention of the environmentalist. The industrial processes along with urbanization are leading to the destruction of forests where the industrialist as well as the governments are destroying the forests living millions of animal and bird species without shelter and hungry. Moreover, the illegal mining processes are disrupting the ecological balance in some areas but no one is taking responsibility to restore these depleted resources. Environmental pollution is the chief result of the human action. The rising human population is the chief cause of increasing environmental pollution. The more human population is growing; the more natural resources are being demanded by them. Due to overpopulation the carrying capacity of the planet is exceeding. As mentioned before, due to urbanization a lot of trees are being cut down to build accommodation of the people for which the natural habitats if the animals in forest as well as birds are getting harmed. Huge constrictions are being built at the cost of the natural environment. The case studies associated with the mass killing of aquatic animals for food and increasing water pollution by the oil tanks, disclose the fact that the aquatic animals are in grave danger. However, the companies like clean cargo working group has been working to measure and improve the environmental performance of the ocean shipping (Bsr.org 2018). Harming animals has different aspects to discuss. First of all, the increasing pollution level is lowering the scope for sustenance of the animals. Water, soil and air wherever there is a presence of life, pollution is curbing their lifespan. Secondly, the increasing population is increasingly reducing the share of food of these animals which is ultimately killing them out of hunger. Last but not the least, the animals entering in the human territory for food are being killed along with the animals served as food items. As the recent data have revealed the climate change due to increasing pollution has been reducing the biodiversity (Wwf.panda.org 2018). Inherent values of environmental entities include two types of values namely, instrumental and intrinsic. The actual point of the study of environmental ethics is whether the non-human species have only an instrumental values or they also have intrinsic value like human beings. As Aristotle stated that the nature has made all the things only to serve the interest of man. This conforms with the aspect that the human beings only have the intrinsic value in the environment. From the anthropocentric viewpoint, the human is the superior who only have the right to use the natural resources and utilize the living beings to serve own propose (Wheeler 2017). These views however, never supported the destruction of biodiversity or environmental pollution but state that human must control over exploitation of the natural element only because these harm the human beings directly. Moreover, cruelty to the animals is wrong not for any ethical reason but the reason of resulting insensitivity. Accord ing to these perspectives, cutting of trees have no such ethical ground but feeling them will result to shortage of food for human being. According to the critics of anthropocentric views and Judeo Christian thinking, these theories separated the human beings from the nature which leads the human beings to exploit natural elements without realizing the intrinsic value of nature. As opposed to these views, there has been a new perspective where the environment is in the center of the universe. This eccentric view opines that the entire ecosystem is the most important even more valuable than the human beings. As this view believe that there is no difference between the non-human and the human beings in the nature. This means that the human being has no special place in the ecosystem and like all other plants, birds, animals and other natural components, the human being has similar inherent value. The concept of non-human rights argues that the humans as well as some of the animals have their rights to survive but the plants and other non-human components do not have certain rights (Npr.org 2018). This ideology is concerned with the fact that the matters which has rights are accepted to have existence whereas the plants are deprived of that acceptance and have no rights. On the contrary some critics feel that the plants have intrinsic value in the environment hence they must be entitled with respect and not only rights (O'Riordan 2014). The moral responsibility of the human beings is to secure the lives and safe sustenance for their next generation. Constant exploitation of non-renewable energy is causing the environmental degradation. These energies are fast reducing hence will to be available to the future generation. Hence there should be a perfect balance between the needs and the availability of the resources so that the future generation also can use them. Moreover, the moral obligation of the human beings is to secure the survival of the non-human entities by reducing pollution and protecting the species from extinguishing. Ethics and religion is closely connected to each other. Different religion has their own version of the origin of human beings and their utility in the environment. Every religion has different perspective to protect the interest of the environment as well as preserving nature. It is because of the fact that all of the elements of nature both living and non-living are created by the supreme power. In some religions such as Hinduism, certain animals and plants are worshipped for being sacred of a specific deity. The concept of nature worship is a way to conserve the natural environment which lay importance on both the human as well as non-human beings. Radical ecology is a further step from environmental ethics. It states that the ethics may not be sufficient to extend ethics to the non-human elements present in the environment and vital for bring in changes to survive and function. A number of ecologists are recommending the development of eco-philosophy though which the non-human elements will have intrinsic worth which is not dependent on the utility of the human beings. This principle believes in reducing the human intervention in the non-human environment which usually leads to destruction of biodiversity. The increasing ecological consciousness will obligate the people to protect the environment effectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a need of increasing ethics and morality to preserve the natural environment of the earth. There are different issues of the environmental ethics which needs to be solved immediately. The pollution due the actions of the human beings are causing global warming and climate change. This is the reason why a number of bird and animal species are being extinguished. However, the ecologists, environmentalists and biologists are trying to theorize these problems and change the course of actions through eco-philosophy. Establishing the rights of the non-human elements can be a solution to these problems. References: Bsr.org (2018).Environment | Topics | Case Studies | BSR. [online] Bsr.org. Available at: https://www.bsr.org/topics/case-studies/Environment [Accessed 26 Mar. 2018]. Npr.org (2018).Recognizing The Right Of Plants To Evolve. [online] NPR.org. Available at: https://www.npr.org/2012/10/26/160940869/recognizing-the-right-of-plants-to-evolve [Accessed 26 Mar. 2018]. O'Riordan, T. ed., 2014.Environmental science for environmental management. Routledge. Thompson, P.B., 2017.The spirit of the soil: Agriculture and environmental ethics. Taylor Francis. Wheeler, A., 2017. Outsider ethics and marginalized aesthetics: The value of contemporary environmental philosophies for designing sustainable architecture. Wwf.panda.org (2018).How many species are we losing?. [online] Wwf.panda.org. Available at: https://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/biodiversity/biodiversity/ [Accessed 26 Mar. 2018].

Speak Softly, You May Be Heard The Art of Leadership

Available literature demonstrates that leadership has been observed in nearly all civilizations of the world, from prehistoric era to contemporary times. As a matter of fact, a number of researchers and psychology theorists progress the notion that leadership is one of the most observed and practiced phenomena on earth since it happens even in the absence of proper structures and frameworks for sustenance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Speak Softly, You May Be Heard: The Art of Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social psychological research, according to Vugt (2006), demonstrates that a leader-follower relationship develops spontaneously even when groups are formed without leaders. This has led various leaders to project a widely held perception that leadership is intrinsically a universal human behavior. This paper purposes to critically analyze the art of leadership with a view to understan d how leaders are able to achieve allegiance among followers even when force or threat of force is not used to effect allegiance. Leadership has been defined and described in numerous ways in the existing psychological literature. Broadly, however, leadership can be defined as a process of influence that is largely aimed at fulfilling or attaining mutual goals (Vugt, 2006; Frey et al., 2009). The concept is often regarded as the result of a social process in which interacting individuals or groups of individuals synchronize their actions towards the attainment of shared objectives. In this respect, good leaders must always first examine the needs and expectations of followers and put them at heart by developing mechanisms through which such needs can be achieved voluntarily (Dollarhide Gibson, 2008). A wealth of psychological literature have concentrated on not only the personality correlates of leadership, called the trait approach to leadership, but also on the leader’s fu nctions and styles in the light of task demands and the expectations of followers, called the situational approach to leadership (Vugt, 2006). In the trait approach, traits such as power, ambition, focus, intelligent, forward-looking, competent, inspiring, and extraversion are used by leaders to achieve allegiance from followers towards supporting a common objective. Coerciveness, compulsiveness, and irrational traits have also been used by such leaders as Adolf Hitler, Saddam Hussein, and the disgraced Mobutu Sese Seko, but they have proved to be largely ineffectual and unpopular among followers (Maxwell, 1998). In the situational approach, good leaders are known to work hard to enhance the capacity of followers to meet the needs and expectations of a given situation, while unpopular leaders may not bear such an interest at heart. Leadership is at times perceived and described in terms of a quantitative trait, that is, everyone has the capacity to lead to some degree, but there exi st comprehensible divergences in the propensity to lead (Vugt, 2006). This perspective projects the view that leadership is first and foremost a function of the situation, and every individual can be a leader in the right conditions.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While this may be true, the perspective falls back to the trait and situational perspectives, discussed earlier, since a leader must have some distinguishable traits, not mentioning the fact that he or she cannot lead in a vacuum – there must be an existing condition or situation that obliges the services of a leader (Dollarhide Gibson, 2008). Leaders such as President Barrack Obama and Martin Luther King have been known for their oratory prowess. Using the social coordination theory, it can be demonstrated how the two leaders have used their oratory prowess to rally followers towards achieving their needs and expectations through initiating group action while concurrently maintaining group cohesion (Vugt, 2006; Frey et al., 2009). As such, it can be argued that they utilize the social coordination theory to achieve good outcomes, and have been able to draw a large following due to their intelligence, ambition, competence, and their forward-looking nature, not because of coercive or self-assertive nature. On the other hand, leaders such as Hitler and Saddam Hussein preferred to utilize the bossy and controlling byproduct dominance theory, and failed in their attempts to lead and unify their followers though they may have been popular in some quarters (Maxwell, 1998). All in all, the fact that leadership depends on both trait and situational perspectives have been well demonstrated in this paper. The paper has also highlighted the distinct advantages involved in leading people for social coordination as opposed to leading for domination and control. Still, it has been revealed that al though leaders may have some innate characteristics of leadership (Scharf Mayseless, 2009), how they endear themselves to the followers through the development of certain attributes of leadership is of critical importance in determining their effectiveness as leaders. Reference List Dollarhide, C.T., Gibson, D.M. (2008). Individual psychology in school counselor leadership: Implications for practice. Journal of Individual Psychology, 64(4), 468-479. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier DatabaseAdvertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Speak Softly, You May Be Heard: The Art of Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Frey, M., Kern, R.M., Snow, J., Curlette, W.L. (2009). Lifestyle and transformational leadership style. Journal of Individual Psychology, 25(3), 212-240. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier Database Maxwell, J.C. (1998). The 21 irrefutable laws of leadership: Follow them and people will f ollow you. Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson, Inc Scharf, M., Mayseless, O. (2009). Socio-emotional characteristics of elementary school children identified as exhibiting social leadership qualities. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 70(1), 73-96. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier Vugt, M. (2006). Evolutionary origins of leadership and followership. Personality Social Psychology Review, 10(4), 354-371. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier Database This research paper on Speak Softly, You May Be Heard: The Art of Leadership was written and submitted by user Demarcus Fischer to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.